×
Home Intro People Events Equipment Places Maps Books Photos Videos Other Reference FAQ About
     

World War II Database

Cavallero file photo [3914]

Ugo Cavallero

SurnameCavallero
Given NameUgo
Born20 Sep 1880
Died14 Sep 1943
CountryItaly
CategoryMilitary-Ground
GenderMale

Contributor:

ww2dbaseUgo Cavallero was born at Casale Monferrato, Alessandria Province, Piemonte, Italy into an aristocratic family. After attending Scuola Militare, he was commissioned a second lieutenant in the 59th Infantry Regiment of the Italy Army in 1900. In 1904, he was promoted to the rank of lieutennant and became an instructor in the Scuola Centrale di Tiro in Parma. In 1911, he completed a college degree in mathematics and completed the course work at Scuola di Guerra. He was promoted to the rank of captain in 1912 and became a member of the general staff of the Torino Division. In 1913, he fought in Libya during the Italo-Turkish War, and was awarded a Bronze Medal for Military Valor for his bravery during the Battle of Sidi el GarbĂ a. In 1915, he briefly served with the 1st Alpine Regiment, then in May transferred to the Italian Supreme Command. He was promoted to the rank of major in Dec 1915. In Aug 1916, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of Military Order of Italy. In Oct 1917, he was promoted to the rank of colonel, then in Dec 1918, brigadier general. As an operations chief, he played a major role in the Italian tactics deployed during the Piave and Vittorio Veneto victories during WW1. In Feb 1919, he was nominated the president of the Italian military delegation to the Permanent Inter-Allied Committee in Versailles, but in Jun, he retired to become the general manager of the firm Pirelli.

ww2dbaseIn 1925, Cavallero returned in support of Prime Minister and Minister of War Benito Mussolini's Under-Secretary. In 1926, he was made a senator. He was promoted to the rank of major general in 1927. After political conflicts with Pietro Badoglio, he retired again, and became the president of the industrial group Ansaldo. He was made a count by the King of Italy. He left Ansaldo in 1933.

ww2dbaseIn Nov 1937, Cavallero returned to service once again, and was given the rank of lieutenant general; shortly, he was made the commander of the Combined Italian Forces in East Africa in Jan 1938. He returned to Italy in Apr 1939. He was awarded the Silver Medal for Military Valor and promoted to the rank of general on 10 May 1940. Cavallero became the head of the Italian Supreme Command on 6 Dec 1940 and the commander of Italian forces in Greece on 30 Dec 1940. In 1942, Cavallero opposed Erwin Rommel's expedition into Egypt, and repeatedly complained to Berlin regarding Rommel's disrespect toward the Italian commanders in Rome, but he was ignored. In the same year, he was given the title of Marshal of Italy. In Feb 1943, as Italy began losing ground to the Allies, he was dismissed as the head of the Italian Supreme Command. After Mussolini's government fell in Aug 1943, he was arrested on the orders of Badoglio; he was set free by the king, but he was arrested again by Badoglio. On 27 Aug, he wrote a letter to Badoglio falsifying his hatred for Mussolini and Italian fascism, but the new Italian government ignored it. On 12 Sep 1943, he escaped with the Germans, who intended to make him a military commander in the Italian puppet government that Berlin wished to set up, but the idea was dropped when German intelligence agents found Cavallero's letter in Badoglio's Rome office. With both Rome and Berlin viewing him as a traitor, he committed suicide by taking a pistol to his head. A conspiracy theory exists that his suicide was forced upon him by Germans.

ww2dbaseCavallero's war diary was published in 1948 by his son Carlo Cavallero and wife Countess Olga Grillo under the title Comando Supremo 1940-1943.

ww2dbaseSources:
Comando Supremo: Ugo Cavallero (via http://Archive.org)
Wikipedia.

Last Major Revision: Jun 2007

Famous Quote(s)

Ugo Cavallero Timeline

20 Sep 1880 Ugo Cavallero was born in Casale Monferrato, Piemonte, Italy.
6 Dec 1940 Italian General Cavallero replaced Marshal Badoglio who had resigned at his own request.
14 Sep 1943 Ugo Cavallero, the Commander-in-Chief of the Italian Supreme Command, was found dead by a gunshot in the garden of a hotel in Frascati, Lazio, Italy. It was never discovered whether he committed suicide or was assassinated by the Germans.




Did you enjoy this article or find this article helpful? If so, please consider supporting us on Patreon. Even $1 per month will go a long way! Thank you.

Share this article with your friends:

 Facebook
 Reddit
 Twitter

Stay updated with WW2DB:

 RSS Feeds




Posting Your Comments on this Topic

Your Name
Your Email
 Your email will not be published
Comment Type
Your Comments
 

Notes:

1. We hope that visitor conversations at WW2DB will be constructive and thought-provoking. Please refrain from using strong language. HTML tags are not allowed. Your IP address will be tracked even if you remain anonymous. WW2DB site administrators reserve the right to moderate, censor, and/or remove any comment. All comment submissions will become the property of WW2DB.

2. For inquiries about military records for members of the World War II armed forces, please see our FAQ.

Change View
Desktop View

Search WW2DB
Famous WW2 Quote
"Goddam it, you'll never get the Purple Heart hiding in a foxhole! Follow me!"

Captain Henry P. Jim Crowe, Guadalcanal, 13 Jan 1943


Support Us

Please consider supporting us on Patreon. Even $1 a month will go a long way. Thank you!

Or, please support us by purchasing some WW2DB merchandise at TeeSpring, Thank you!